To cause USB devices to show up as a special name (i.e. /dev/sensor_microcontroller instead of /dev/ttyUSB0), we need to modify our UDEV rules.

First, open up

/etc/udev/rules.d/50-usb.rules

Then add a line for the USB device, such as

SUBSYSTEM=="tty", ATTRS{idVendor}=="2a03", ATTRS{idProduct}=="0043", ATTRS{idSerial}=="41, SYMLINK+="sensor_arduino"

To properly identify the vendor ID, product ID, and serial number, you should run

udevadm monitor --attribute-walk [port]